Environmental Analysis Essay - 1108 Words

Environmental Analysis Introduction This analysis will consist of the identification of the industry in which my organization operates. It is important to identify key macroeconomic variables and their direct effect on the industry. This analysis has two charts that identify the relationship between two main macroeconomic variables and the corresponding industry variables over the last five years. I will also identify operating challenges and opportunities for the industry my organization is involved in. I work for an organization specializing in offering foster care,†¦show more content†¦When inflation occurs government spending and budgets are cut. For the most part, the social service industry is one of the areas directly affected by these fluctuations. There is less money available to sustain these programs and therefore nonprofit organizations have to decrease the services available. High interest rates also affect the money contributed to the organization. Borrowers are less inclined to pursue loans when interest rates are higher, whether the money goes for business or personal reasons. Sometimes, nonprofit organizations will contract with outside agencies for services; higher interest rates mean those agencies have less of a money supply, affecting the amount of business between the two entities. Tied into the above mentioned variable is also unemployment. There are two ways in which the agency is affected by unemployment. When there is less money available for the or ganization, there is less money to hire new personnel, which directly affects the turnover rate within the industry. The social service field has a high level of turnover; unfortunately, the paychecks do not match the amount of work and responsibility involved in this line of work. When the agency doesn’t have enough funding, it adds responsibilities to the job descriptions of the current employees. Someone responsible for one department is expected to handle three departments. Social workers whose typical caseload is 10Show MoreRelatedEnvironmental Analysis19492 Words   |  78 Pagesare relative to outside influences. There is therefore a need to carry out an analysis of these forces by means of methods we are going to discuss in details later, and this is called the environmental analysis. Managers are also concerned in the ways in which organizations can most clearly identify their current position in the market. It is against the background of the picture that emerges from this analysis that the strategist should then be in a far better position to begin the processRead MoreNike Macro Environmental Analysis Essay699 Words   |  3 PagesPA1: Nike - Environmental Marketing Analysis Mahendranath Gunti BUS 510 - Marketing Management Westcliff University Instructor: Dr. Geraldine Goodstone Nike is a global brand headquartered in the United States, Europe, and the Asia Pacific region, specialized in the manufacturing of athletic apparel, footwear, accessories and equipment. Nike products can be found in over 20,000 retail stores. This paper focuses on the six macroeconomic factors (political, Economic, Social, Technology, LegalRead MoreEnvironmental Analysis : An Organization And Evaluating The Level Of Threat Or Opportunity They Present Essay2769 Words   |  12 PagesEnvironmental Analysis Environmental analysis is a process for identifying all external and internal elements that can affect the performance of the organization and evaluating the level of threat or opportunity they present. Opportunity and threat assessments are then incorporated into decision making process in order to better align strategies with the organizations environment (Investor Words, 2015). Every destination needs to know about their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threatsRead MoreBoston Environmental Analysis : Boston Essay1633 Words   |  7 PagesZhuoran Li NRES102: Instructor Carmen Ugarte Boston Environmental Analysis Introduction Over the last few decades, Boston has come across many environmental problems. Air pollution, water contamination and pollution in land resources are identified as primary areas of concerns. Carbon emission and wastage of fossil fuels are the main reasons for pollution. Conservation of energy is very significant. Through utilization of renewable energy sources fossil fuel wastage can be reduced to considerableRead MoreEnvironmental Analysis : A Company s Name Phone No1443 Words   |  6 PagesEnvironmental analysis Submission details Candidate’s name Phone no. Assessor’s name Phone no. Assessment site Assessment date/s Time/s The Assessment Task is due on the date specified by your assessor. Any variations to this arrangement must be approved in writing by your assessor. Submit this document with any required evidence attached. See specifications below for details. Performance objective In this assessment, you are required to complete analyses of the organisational environmentRead MorePestel Analysis : Macro Environmental Factors Affecting The Clothing Industry1374 Words   |  6 Pages PESTEL Analysis Macro-environmental factors affecting the clothing industry are those which lie outside the industry and their competitors. Business owners have less control over these external factors, and their impact in changing them is minimal. Instead, they must adapt to these macro-environmental factors, which include : †¢ Political †¢ Economical †¢ Social †¢ Technological †¢ Environmental †¢ Legal The way the companies adapt to these factors determines both their ability to differentiate themselvesRead MoreCompany Profile, Environmental And Swot Analysis And Key Managerial Issues1647 Words   |  7 PagesCHAPTER THREE COMPANY PROFILE, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SWOT ANALYSIS AND KEY MANAGERIAL ISSUES This study seeks to develop a five year human resource strategic plan for the National Commission for Civic Education (NCCE). Specific objectives of the research were (a) to identify the current gaps in human resource management at NCCE; (b) to note the effect of the human resource gaps on organizational performance; (c) to ascertain what steps NCCE has put in place to address the human resource gaps; (d) toRead MoreWater Quality Analysis Of The Potable And Environmental Water853 Words   |  4 PagesIn this research project I conducted the water quality analysis of both the potable and environmental water at various village sites, and in the New River Lagoon in Belize. The data collected in this project contributed to the data collected over the past decade by previous McMaster fellows and scholars. Moreover, we conveyed the results from this study to the community partners in the villages San Carlos, Rancho Dolores, and with the Programme for Belize—the managing entity of R io Bravo ConservationRead MoreEnvironmental Analysis1528 Words   |  7 PagesExternal and Internal Environmental Analysis Aeropostale is a mall-based, specialty retailer of casual apparel and accessories, principally targeting 14 to 17 year-old young men and women through its Aeropostale stores and 7 to 12 year-old children through P.S. from Aeropostale stores (Aeropostale, 2012, para. 2). Aeropostale opened its doors in 1987, in the New York area. The specialty retailer had more than 110 stores in 1999 and has grown to more than 900 stores in the US, Puerto Rico, and CanadaRead MoreEnvironmental Analysis2952 Words   |  12 Pagesà ¸ Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¸ §Ã  ¸ ´Ã  ¹â‚¬Ã  ¸â€žÃ  ¸ £Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ °Ã  ¸ «Ã  ¹Å' à ¸ ªÃ  ¸  Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸Å¾Ã  ¹ Ã  ¸ §Ã  ¸â€Ã  ¸ ¥Ã  ¹â€°Ã  ¸ ­Ã  ¸ ¡ (Environmental Analysis) à ¹â€šÃ  ¸â€Ã  ¸ ¢ à ¸ ­.à ¸â„¢Ã  ¸ ´Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¸ ¡Ã  ¸ ¥ à ¸Å¾Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¸ ¡Ã  ¸â„¢Ã  ¸ ´Ã  ¸ ¥ à ¸ ªÃ  ¸  Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸Å¾Ã  ¹ Ã  ¸ §Ã  ¸â€Ã  ¸ ¥Ã  ¹â€°Ã  ¸ ­Ã  ¸ ¡Ã  ¸â€šÃ  ¸ ­Ã  ¸â€¡Ã  ¸ ­Ã  ¸â€¡Ã  ¸â€žÃ  ¹Å'à ¸ Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¸â€ºÃ  ¸ £Ã  ¸ °Ã  ¸ Ã  ¸ ­Ã  ¸Å¡Ã  ¸â€Ã  ¹â€°Ã  ¸ §Ã  ¸ ¢ †¢ à ¸ ªÃ  ¸  Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸Å¾Ã  ¹ Ã  ¸ §Ã  ¸â€Ã  ¸ ¥Ã  ¹â€°Ã  ¸ ­Ã  ¸ ¡Ã  ¸  Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ ¢Ã  ¸â„¢Ã  ¸ ­Ã  ¸  (External environment) à ¸â€¢Ã  ¹â€°Ã  ¸ ­Ã  ¸â€¡Ã  ¸ §Ã  ¸ ´Ã  ¹â‚¬Ã  ¸â€žÃ  ¸ £Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ °Ã  ¸ «Ã  ¹Å'à ¸â€Ã  ¸â€¡Ã  ¸â„¢Ã  ¸ µÃ  ¹â€° à ¸ ± General environment †¢ à ¹â‚¬Ã  ¸ ¨Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¸ ©Ã  ¸ Ã  ¸ Ã  ¸ ´Ã  ¸Ë† à ¸â€¢Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸â€¡ EFAS †¢ à ¸ ªÃ  ¸ ±Ã  ¸â€¡Ã  ¸â€žÃ  ¸ ¡ à ¸ §Ã  ¸ ±Ã  ¸â€™Ã  ¸â„¢Ã  ¸ËœÃ  ¸ £Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¸ ¡ †¢ à ¸ Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¹â‚¬Ã  ¸ ¡Ã  ¸ ·Ã  ¸ ­Ã  ¸â€¡ à ¸ Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¸â€ºÃ  ¸ Ã  ¸â€žÃ  ¸ £Ã  ¸ ­Ã  ¸â€¡ à ¸ Ã  ¸Å½Ã  ¸ «Ã  ¸ ¡Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ ¢ à ¸â€"à ¸ £Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸Å¡Ã  ¹â€šÃ  ¸ ­Ã  ¸ Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ ª à ¹ Ã  ¸ ¥Ã  ¸ ° †¢ à ¹â‚¬Ã  ¸â€"à ¸â€žÃ  ¹â€šÃ  ¸â„¢Ã  ¹â€šÃ  ¸ ¥Ã  ¸ ¢Ã  ¸ µ à ¸ ­Ã  ¸ ¸Ã  ¸â€ºÃ  ¸ ªÃ  ¸ £Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¸â€žÃ  ¸â€šÃ  ¸ ­Ã  ¸â€¡Ã  ¸ ­Ã  ¸â€¡Ã  ¸â€žÃ  ¹Å'à ¸ Ã  ¸ £ Competitive environment †¢ Five Force Model o à ¸ Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¹â‚¬Ã  ¸â€šÃ  ¹â€°Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ ¡Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸â€šÃ  ¸ ­Ã  ¸â€¡Ã  ¸â€žÃ  ¸ ¹Ã  ¹Ë† à ¹ Ã  ¸â€šÃ  ¹Ë†Ã  ¸â€¡Ã  ¸â€šÃ  ¸ ±Ã  ¸ ¢Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ ¢Ã  ¹Æ'à ¸ «Ã  ¸ ¡Ã  ¹Ë† o à ¸â€žÃ  ¸ ¹Ã  ¹Ë†Ã  ¹ Ã  ¸â€šÃ  ¹Ë†Ã  ¸â€¡Ã  ¸â€šÃ  ¸ ±Ã  ¸â„¢ à ¸â€¢Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸â€¡ ICFAS o à ¸ ¥Ã  ¸ ¹Ã  ¸ Ã  ¸â€žÃ  ¹â€°Ã  ¸ ² o à ¸Å"à ¸ ¹Ã  ¸â€šÃ  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ ¢Ã  ¸ §Ã  ¸ ±Ã  ¸â€¢Ã  ¸â€"à ¸ ¸Ã  ¸â€Ã  ¸ ´Ã  ¸Å¡ à ¹â€° o à ¸ ªÃ  ¸ ´ à ¸â„¢Ã  ¸â€žÃ  ¹â€°Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸â€"à ¸â€Ã  ¹ Ã  ¸â€"à ¸â„¢ †¢ à ¸ ªÃ  ¸  Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸Å¾Ã  ¹ Ã  ¸ §Ã  ¸â€Ã  ¸ ¥Ã  ¹â€°Ã  ¸ ­Ã  ¸ ¡Ã  ¸  Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ ¢Ã  ¹Æ'à ¸â„¢(Internal environment) à ¸ ¡Ã  ¸ µÃ  ¹â‚¬Ã  ¸â€žÃ  ¸ £Ã  ¸ ·Ã  ¹Ë† à ¸ ­Ã  ¸â€¡Ã  ¸ ¡Ã  ¸ ·Ã  ¸ ­Ã  ¸ «Ã  ¸ ¥Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ ¢Ã  ¸â€¢Ã  ¸ ±Ã  ¸ §Ã  ¹Æ'à ¸â„¢Ã  ¸ Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ £Ã  ¸ §Ã  ¸ ´Ã  ¹â‚¬Ã  ¸â€žÃ  ¸ £Ã  ¸ ²Ã  ¸ °Ã  ¸ «Ã  ¹Å'

Essay on Hardships of Immigration to America - 843 Words

Immigration keeps America diverse; there is a lot of value in such diversity. It teaches citizens to respect and bond with one another regardless of differences. However, America has a dark history as it pertains to immigration. Our ancestors removed Native Americans when all they wanted was this: Let me be a free man, free to travel, free to stop, free to work, free to trade where I choose, free to choose my own teachers, free to follow the religion of my fathers, free to talk, think and act for myself- and I will obey every law or submit to the penalty as Chief Joseph stated in For the Record: An Indians Perspective, (51-53). Even though there are many great things about being and becoming an American, there are a lot of difficulties†¦show more content†¦Entertainment and Diet would be the most obvious examples of normalcies being changed. In both regards, you have to adjust. He had witnessed people who could not adapt. They were the most miserable people he had seen. They were always complaining about this and that. Their conversations consisted mostly of how much they missed things back home, and how much better it was there. One of them had an unhealthy obsession with Mexican food and was actually mad that the Mexican food here was not up to their standard. The relationships you leave behind are hard as well. Facebook and social media make you realize what you are leaving behind. You will see pictures of your friends and family doing all the things you used to love doing. You have to be prepared to deal with this, or it is another thing that can cause misery. As clichà © as it sounds, it really does broaden your world view. You witness the inner workings of another group of people, another government, and another culture. Being a teacher, my grandfather was able to view life through the eyes of a Korean child and teen. It is different, but you realize how similar everyone really is. The same flaws, desires, interests, etc. His outlook on life has really grown a lot. You kind of realize your nationhood is really a constructed idea. My grandfather was put in a unique position as a music teacher. Music according to him is a universal language. Each generation and culture embraces music in reaction (and inShow MoreRelatedThe Americanization Of Edward Bok And The America I Believe1262 Words   |  6 Pagescolonization in the early 1600s, the notion of immigrating to America has long been instilled upon various people as a stimulating opportunity to begin a fresh chapter in their lives. Even now, this possibility has brought many variations of people to America, culminating a society that brims with dreams and aspirations to form the diversified nation of today. When speaking of the current state of immigration, it is easy to conclude that immigration is heavily discussed from political standpoints. ThoughRead MoreUncle Sams Thanksgiving Dinner Analysis1155 Words   |  5 PagesIn â€Å"Uncle Sam’s Thanksgiving Dinner† and â€Å"America The Land of Opportunity†, both cartoons show different as pects of immigration. America was founded by immigrants. Our brave and heroic founding fathers set out to create a new nation. The founding fathers wanted to get away from the burdens in England and establish a new colony unlike any around. This nation would be free of unjust rule and any tyranny. They wanted citizens of the country to have rights that would never be taken away. We all cameRead MoreLiterature Of New Immigration : Hae Soon s Song1151 Words   |  5 PagesMandy/Jiamin Chen English 100 Professor Williams September 20, 2015 Final Draft The Literature of New Immigration: Hae Soon’s Song Why does one want to move away from their home? As an immigrant from China, I experienced many hardships growing up. An immigrant is someone who migrates to a foreign country to strive for their goals of their new life. â€Å"Crossing Into America† by Louis Mendoza and S. Shankar conclude many stories and real life experiences written by first and second generation of immigrantsRead MoreThe Immigration Reform And Control Act1145 Words   |  5 PagesIn the present day United States, we face many disputes. One of the big issues is immigration. Although many oppose so it, the historical experience of legalization under the 1986 immigration reform and control act, has indicated that a comprehensive immigration reform would raise wages, increase consumption, create jobs, and generate additional tax revenue, therefore in actuality really beneficial to the to the U.S.(Hinojosa-Ojeda). The fact is that nearly all unauthorized migrants still eventuallyRead MoreImmigration Is Up Of T he United States1274 Words   |  6 PagesRocklin Hist 152 Essay Assignment Question 1 Immigration makes up of the United States. The life of an immigrant faces many struggles. Coming to the United States is a very difficult time for immigrant, especially when English is not their first language. In Oscar Handlin’s essay, Uprooted and Trapped: The One-Way Route to Modernity and Mark Wyman’s Coming and Going: Round Trip to America, both these essays describes the life of immigrants living in America and how they are able to make a decent amountRead MoreInterview With Radhika Sanamvenkata, My Mom1248 Words   |  5 PagesInterview with Radhika Sanamvenkata I am interviewing Radhika Sanamvenkata, my mom, because she has a long line of immigration history. She was born on August 8th, 1970 in Madras (now Chennai), Tamil Nadu, India. She emigrated from India to Auckland, New Zealand in 1996, where she stayed for six years. She later moved to El Segundo, California in 2002 for only four years. Finally, she came to Houston in 2006. Currently she is in Houston because of her job in United Airlines. She immigrated to allRead MoreImmigration Across The United States1104 Words   |  5 Pagesillegal, come from all around the world to immigrate into the United States. For many people in the United States of America, upon hearing the word â€Å"immigrant† our minds go to Mexico and to all of the illegals who sneak and steal their way into our country. There is so much more to immigration than the people who are crossing our borders illegally. We are all immigrants, immigration runs in all of our families, we all have roots in some other pl ace, on some other land. Unless a person is completelyRead MoreThe National Immigration Policy Is Impeding Economic Growth And Facilitating Crime974 Words   |  4 PagesCompadre Patriots America is the greatest nation on the planet inherently due to our foundation of immigrants. Immigrants resonated with the call of our founding fathers who claimed, â€Å" all men are created equal...with inalienable rights†¦ to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness†. Our current national immigration policy is impeding economic growth and facilitating crime. American immigration policies should be reformed to promote and facilitate immigration, because historically, immigrantsRead MoreImmigration to the United States: The German Immigrants Essay750 Words   |  3 PagesMany immigrants came to America seeking freedom, jobs, and land while others were running from famine and war. While immigrants ran from the problems of their native land, they were running into new problems in America. Americans feared the immigrants would take their jobs or have the right to vote. This fear caused discrimination against the immigrants due to their diverse backgrounds from German y, Ireland, and China. Immigrants that came to America faced the hardship of discrimination because theyRead MoreInterview With Radhika Sanamvenkata, My Mom1470 Words   |  6 PagesInterview with Radhika Sanamvenkata I am interviewing Radhika Sanamvenkata, my mom, because she has a long line of immigration history. She was born on August 8th, 1970 in Madras (now Chennai), Tamil Nadu, India. She emigrated from India to Auckland, New Zealand in 1996, where she stayed for six years. She later moved to El Segundo, California in 2002 for only four years. Finally, she came to Houston in 2006. Currently she is in Houston because of her job in United Airlines. She immigrated to all

F. Scott Fitzgerald. the Swimmers. Essay free essay sample

The swimmers. F. Scott Fitzgerald was an American  author of novels and short stories. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest American writers of the 20th century. Fitzgerald is considered a member of the Lost Generation of the 1920s. He finished four novels:  This Side of Paradise,  The Beautiful and Damned,  The Great Gatsby—his most famous—and  Tender Is the Night. His style is very interesting. All his short stories has a construction of novels. â€Å"The swimmers† is a fine example of Fitzgerald’s style. It was written in 1927, but was not published for many years. In Fitzgerald’s opinion it was the most difficult story and too large to its form. The narration is third-person. Third-person narration provides the greatest flexibility to the author. Each and every character is referred to by the narrator as he, she, it, or they. A story in this narrative mode is presented by a narrator with an overarching point of view, seeing and knowing everything that happens within the world of the story, including what each of the characters is thinking and feeling. We will write a custom essay sample on F. Scott Fitzgerald. the Swimmers. Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So this type of narration let us to imagine the full picture of the story and understand every character. The main idea of the story is richness, money and class-division. It is the main problem of the whole American nation. The theme of the story is person’s attitude towards his richness. Is it enough just to have money to go forward? Has the money a real power in every situation or maybe we are to have a real ability, to save ourselves and continue to go forward. Another theme is misalliance, between expatriate, patrician Virginian, Henry Clay Marston and his French wife Choupette. So the author shows us the victim of all this problems and describes his conflict verses himself. This short story is written for mass-reader. Simple language not just of American nation, but other countries made â€Å"The swimmers† popular all over the world. The title of the story â€Å"The swimmers† shows us that the swimmers are every person in our world. The plot of the story is very gripping. The action of the story is laid in Paris. The main character Henry Clay Marston who has enough money but they could not help him to solve his problems. The story consists of exposition, rising action, climax, falling action and resolution. The story told in chronological order which led us to the resolution of main problem. The story is divided into 4 logical parts. Having come back home Henry finds the wife with the friend the man. He gets sick, goes on the sea, there tries to rescue the girl and almost perishes itself as isnt able to float well. Henry gets acquainted with this girl, asks her about the reasons of love to swimming and receives the strange answer: To be purer. Reflecting on specifics of national consciousness, arrives at idea that traditional fins of Americans — it is money. Henry learns that the wife doesnt love it, she suggests to issue divorce. Chupet and her loved Vayz try to take away blackmail from him children, but Genrn wins a duel thanks to ability to float, after all lessons of the girl didnt pass for it for nothing. In this line of a plot the second semantic bottom — a duel between Henry and Vayz is shown also — it is a spiritual duel. Vayz claims that money is omnipotent: Money created this country, erected its huge remarkable cities, created the industry, covered it with a network of the railroads. Money bridles the nature, money will create cars and sets them in motion †¦ Henrys position other: Americans would have to be born with fins, probably, so it and was — probably, money was such fins — he thinks in the beginning. But on an action course, in the motor-boat who has broken in the high sea, Henry comprehends other truth: in similar situations money is powerless. Only real abilities of the person, in this case — ability to float, are capable to rescue its future. The wife is compelled to refuse children, which for it — meaning of the life, and for her — only guarantee of decency.

Malevolence of Cancer

Table of Contents Introduction Background Information on Cancer Common Causes and Symptoms of Cancer Research and Investigation on Cancer Recent Advances in Treatment or Cure of Cancer Conclusion Works Cited Introduction Cancer can be defined as a set of diseases which are caused by uncontrolled growth of cells in the body. The abnormal cells in the body usually segregate uncontrollably and affect other body tissues as they are spread very fast through body fluids for instance the blood and the lymph. It is a condition that is very severe and accounts for a great percentage of deaths world wide.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Malevolence of Cancer specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is the most frightening cause of death in the world due to its effects and symptoms and the fact that it can be suffered by every person irrespective of age. It is the second major cause of deaths after the heart disease . There are various types of cancer (more than a hundred) which can be categorized as sarcoma which entails the cancer that begins in connective tissues for instance the bone and blood vessels, leukemia which originates in tissues that deal with blood formation like the bone marrow, lymphoma which affects the immune system cells, cancer of the central nervous system that starts from the spinal cord and brain tissues, and carcinoma that originate from skin tissues (Anonymous 1). Background Information on Cancer All kinds of cancer conditions start in body cells which are the most fundamental units of life. Cancer occurs when normal body cells change and become cancer cells. There are various kinds of cell that make up an individual’s body. The cells usually grow and segregate uncontrollably producing more cells that are necessary for maintaining good health in the body. As the cells grow, they get old or / and damaged and the formation of new cells is essential for their repla cement. Cancers however occurs when the process of the growth of a cell is disrupted or when it occurs abnormally for instance when the body cells fail to die at the required time or when new cells are made when they are not needed in the body. The excess cells may lead to development of tumor which in most cases is cancerous for instance the malignant. However, not all kinds of cancer cause tumor. Cancer is not a new disease and has existed for many years. The word cancer traces its origin from Hippocrates who was a general practitioner from Greece. The very first recognized and documented cancer case was in Egypt and it was on breast cancer.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The treatment that was readily available was cauterization which utilized the principle of burning the affected tissues. There was very little information about cancer as opposed to what is known t oday and the little that was believed about it was actually false for instance, the people believed that it was a disease caused by the gods. Hippocrates also thought that cancer was caused by the existence of excess black bile in a particular place in the body. However, there has been a lot of developments and understanding on the aspect of cancer as discussed later in this paper (Fayed 1). Common Causes and Symptoms of Cancer Different kinds of cancers share some common characteristics in terms of causes and symptoms for instance; the common causes are; radiation, consumption of tobacco, viruses, consumption of poisonous mushrooms and chemicals like benzene. The common symptoms on the other hand include; sweating at night, weight loss, and loss of appetite, fever, fatigue and chills (Grady 1). Research and Investigation on Cancer The cancer condition has attracted a lot of debate and concerns and various individuals, groups and institutions have undertaken some research and invest igations on the issue so as to help answer questions related to it and give a clear understanding to all those involved such as the medical practitioners, patients and even those involved with taking care of the victims for example relatives and those in institutions that deal with the affected like the hospice or homes for the terminally ill. There have been various beliefs on the aspect of cancer including the origin, causes and even ways of treatment. It is for example less likely for people to believe or understand that cancer can be caused by yeast or even fungal infections. It is however true that even though cancer is believed to have its origin in genetic cell mutations it can also be caused by other infections for instance from bacteria, molds, fungi, viruses and even yeast as asserted by Dr. Andrew Dannenberg who is a director at the New York- Presbyterian hospital’s cancer center (Rudel 1).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Malevolence of Cancer specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some of the findings from the research and investigations are as follows; Leading cancer organizations in the United States of America for instance the U.S. National Institute of Health and the National Cancer Institute assert that recently there has been a decline in the rates of both diagnoses and death from all the various types of cancer in men, women and children and also on almost all the races and ethnic groups that constitute the United States of America’s population (Anonymous 2). The new cases of diagnoses as per the year 2010 were 1,529,560 exclusive of skin related cancers while the deaths were 569,490 which are much lower than the rates in the previous years for instance the World Health Organization estimated that there was a total of 6.2 million children, women and men who succumbed death in the year 2000 (Delfino and Day 2). Most researchers have found out that medicin es that are prescribed for the prevention or treatment of diseases caused by fungal and bacterial infections are responsible for killing cancer cells. These medicines are believed to offset tumors hence killing the cancer cells. There has also been evidence that doctors and other medical practitioners usually use some wrong forms of medication in treatment of cancer and most patients die due to improper treatment. A good example is the use of chemotherapy in treatment of different kinds of cancer whereas it has been proven that it can not cure most cancer types like breast and lung cancer (Rudel 1). Research has also shown that nutrients or dietary aspects are of concern in our ability to fight the cancer ordeal. Poor measures in our nutrition for instance low levels of intake of some nutrients like vitamins, calories, minerals and proteins can make our bodies to be less effective in detecting and fighting germs and infections. People who lack some nutrients, that is, they donâ€⠄¢t consume a balanced diet are more likely to have some infections including cancer as opposed to those people who eat healthy and balanced meals. The consumption of processed foods should be avoided since indispensable nutrients are usually absent in them and therefore not healthy due to their inadequacy. The existence of damaged cells is also a factor that researchers have deemed to exacerbate the occurrence of cancer as the cells become prone to toxins and other harmful substances making them to develop into cancerous conditions. This condition is very dangerous as it exhibits all the aspects associated with cancer as the cells do not function well and are prone to infections making a person weaker day by day.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The environment can also act as a element that affects the cancer condition for example when the patient is exposed to a polluted and contaminated environment, he or she is more likely to suffer adverse effects of the cancer condition as opposed to a patient whose environmental conditions are not polluted. Recent Advances in Treatment or Cure of Cancer Due to the dangerous effects of cancer and the fact that it claims a lot of lives in different parts of the world, both the developed and the developing countries, there has been the need to come up with ways of dealing with the situation. The treatment of cancer has proved to be a very difficult task especially due to the fact that the patients seem to lack hope of getting better as they usually have the mentality of dying. There has however been a change in perception and people have started taking it as any other disease as much information about it has been disseminated and people can take it positively knowing that there are ways of treating or reducing its effects. The belief that cancer is an obscene and shameful disease is also long gone (Shapin 1). The treatment varies on the basis of the kind of cancer and the extent to which the cancer has infected an individual, that is, the stage of the disease. For instance, if the cancer affects a specific part of the body and has not spread, surgery works best through removal of the affected area such as the breast. Radiation and chemotherapy are the other forms that can be applied in treatment of cancer especially where the cancer has spread to other parts of the body apart from the place of origin and surgery cannot work. Some cases may be very complicated and may require the combination radiation and chemotherapy or even surgery, radiation and chemotherapy (Grady 1). The mistake comes in when the doctors adore some forms of treatment and use them improperly with the aim of getting the expected results for instance the application of chemotherapy in treatment o f cancer have been seen to be emphasized by many doctors even when it does not seem to work and other options could be considered. There has along been a need to improve the therapies and means used in treatment of various kinds of cancer with an aim of enhancing the outcome on the patients. One of the considerations is the adoption of engineered delivery systems that are deemed to promote efficiency in administering the drugs used in the chemotherapy process. Novel technology is also a development in the treatment of cancer. This is a technology that enhances the identification of the antibodies that could be in the body or blood. It usually work on the principle of detection of abnormal glycoprotein that are usually produced by cancerous cells hence making it possible to detect cancer and therefore take necessary measures to avoid its adverse effects. Another major advanced treatment for cancer is the bone-marrow also known as stem-cell transplant therapy. This therapy entails the extraction of the bone marrow prior to the provision of the drugs used in chemotherapy. It is after the inducement of the chemotherapeutical medicines that the bone marrow is re-implanted back into the body and some medication given to enhance the recovery process and hence boost the immune system of the victim. This method has proved to be efficient and effective as compared to the traditional means in which chemotherapy is administered as the cancer cells usually dies off completely and the cancer do not come back a circumstance that is very common when traditional chemotherapy is applied for treatment of cancer. Administration of new and advanced drugs that are effective in killing cancer cells is also a step towards improving the treatment of cancer. It also allows the patient to undergo more sessions of chemotherapy which increases the chances of survival. Other drugs are also used to combat the side effects of chemotherapy. The application of gamma knife in brain tumor surger y is another improvement that has enhanced treatment of cancer as it avoids the risk of causing damages to the brain. It utilizes direct radiation to the affected area and takes a very short time. This and other developments in the various kinds of cancer that have brought a lot of hopes to all the people involved including the patients and their relatives (Mae 1). Conclusion It is evident that cancer is a very serious condition in the world and in as much as various oncologists are making it look simple through their genetic theories and explanations; it is still a complicated aspect. The research that has been carried out by various researchers has however helped in the understanding of the general ideologies surrounding the cancer condition for instance the aspects related to environment, nutrition, cells growth and emotions and their effects in causing cancer or affecting its condition. Works Cited Anonymous. â€Å"Cancer.† Medicine, 2010. Web. Delfino, Michelangelo and D ay E. Mary. Cancer: We Live and Die by Radiation. New York: MoBeta Publishing, 2006. Fayed, L. â€Å"The History of Cancer.† About.com Guide, 2009.  Web. Grady, D. â€Å"Cancer Patients, Lost in a Maze of Uneven Care.† The New York Times, 2011. Web. Mae, W. â€Å"New Lifesaving Advances in Cancer Treatment – Preventing Cancer: What We Know Today.† Findarticles, 1995. Web. Rudel, C. V. â€Å"Understanding the Condition of Cancer.† Winning the War on Cancer, 1994. Web. Shapin, S. â€Å"Cancer World: The Making of a Modern Disease.† New Yorker, 2010. Web. This research paper on Malevolence of Cancer was written and submitted by user Kellen A. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Political Battlegrounds in Curriculum

Miller Surname Meaning and Origin

Miller Surname Meaning and Origin The common Miller surname is usually occupational, but there are also other possibilities. Miller is usually an occupational surname referring to a person who owned or worked in a grain mill.The Miller surname also possibly be derived in some instances from the Gaelic words meillear, meaning having large lips; malair, or merchant; or maillor, a man wearing armor or a soldier.In ancient times the Miller surname originated from the Molindinar (mo-lynn-dine-are), a Scottish burn (rivulet) that still flows under the streets of modern Glasgow. Surname Origin:  English, Scottish, German, French, Italian Alternate Surname Spellings:  MILLAR, MILLS, MULLAR, MAHLER, MUELLER, MOELLER Fun Facts About the Miller Surname: The popular Miller surname has absorbed many cognate surnames from other European languages, for example, the German Mueller; the French Meunier, Dumoulin, Demoulins, and Moulin; the Dutch Molenaar; the Italian Molinaro; the Spanish Molinero, etc. This means that the surname alone doesnt really tell you anything about your distant family origins. Famous People with the Surname MILLER: Arthur Miller (1915-2005) - American playwright best-known for his Pulitzer Prize-winning play Death of a Salesman.Shannon Miller - American gymnast and Olympic gold medalistAlice Duer Miller - American womans suffrage activist, journalist, and writerWilliam Miller - author of Wee Willy Winkie and other nursery rhymes (1810-1872)Reggie Miller  - American basketball player Genealogy Resources for the Surname MILLER: 100 Most Common U.S. Surnames Their Meanings: Smith, Johnson, Williams, Jones, Brown... Are you one of the millions of Americans sporting one of these top 100 common last names from the 2000 census?Miller Family History: Gary Miller offers information on his Miller families of Chester and Columbia counties in Pennsylvania, along with some transcribed Miller records from Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York.Miller Genealogy of Western North Carolina: Marty Grant has provided a huge amount of information on his three Miller lines in Western North Carolina, along with links and information on other Miller families around the world.Miller DNA Study: This large DNA surname study includes over 300 tested members of the Miller family with the goal of untangling 5,000 distinct Miller lines in the world today.Miller Family Genealogy Forum: Search this popular genealogy forum for the Miller surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Miller query.FamilySearch - MILLER Genealogy: Explore over 22 million historical  records, digital images and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Miller surname and its variations on this free website of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. MILLER Surname Family Mailing Lists: RootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Miller surname.DistantCousin.com - MILLER Genealogy Family History: Free databases and genealogy links for the last name Miller.- References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005. Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Hitler's table talk Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hitler's table talk - Term Paper Example Despite the almost evil and cynical conceptions that we might have of Hitler, it is still irrefutable that to be able to attain such status, one has to have the charisma and the mental faculties that exceeds normal standards. The book Hitler’s Table Talk offers a different side to Adolf Hitler confined throughout the most important years of his life. The book, derived as transcripts from Hitler’s conversations which extend to the Second World War focuses on the man that controlled Germany. It is divided into five parts, each with its encompassing dates and in reference to the private conversations that he had before his gruesome death of his subsequent fall. There are many controversies surrounding this book but there have been reliable people who have vouched for the authenticity of the recordings for which they are based. There is also the bigger issue of the translations of whether or not they were properly translated but in either case they are interesting for they offer a deeper insight into the mind of Adolf Hitler. What is interesting about Hitler is that he is not a man born into fame and fortune. He was someone who worked his way until an opportunity came for him. He was no even a German per se but an Austrian and his ideals were for a better country and a better future initially. He is as the most common progress of dictators goes someone who had a vision and who wanted for his vision to be a reality. But along the way one thing lead to another which leads to the next and gets off track. The Ideologies Part one begins with the distinction given between Russia and the Aryans. It is an attempt to differentiate the two and how the system proliferated by Bolsheviks and the Stalinists do not work as it is in direct contravention of the very nature of Russia. It is even not without a jab at degrading by referring to the Western distinction given to it as a ‘State.’ This is a clear indication of the second-class view of Russia in t he eyes of Hitler; in contrast, Aryans are portrayed in a very positive light. They are described as being very active in their work and that it does not stop there for they are intelligent beings as well who are not easily satisfied with what is happening in front of them lest there is manifest improvement. Even a positive attribute of being dedicated to work is exaggerated into one of a workaholic and this is instigated as a problem for the race. Analogies are given where Italians are like ants when it comes to diligence and Russia’s civilization is synonymous with vodka. The fascist movement simply is not most appropriate solution for Russia. Hitler’s contemplation on the nature of God and a supreme being is arguably the most interesting of the transcriptions. What we all know is that the genocide that happened in Auschwitz was a product of religious hate as it was bigotry of the utmost form. He does not offer insightful thoughts that are not altogether new nor are they any less refreshing. â€Å"I think the man who contemplates the universe with his eyes wide open is the man with the greatest amount of natural piety: not in the religious sense, but in the sense of an intimate harmony with things† (Cameron and Stevens, p.5). Taken into the weight of these words without any historical referencing, one cannot be denied of the idea that this is not something repulsive. On the contrary, it is a very logical and rather sensible. It is merely an affirmation of a very natural outlook that goes deep

Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Evaluation - Essay Example He also furthered his review by comparing this film with other works by the same director and by questioning the chemistry between the director and the screenwriter. The review was incredibly thorough and it covered a lot of aspects that many moviegoers would not pay attention to, such as the clashing of the director with the screenwriter. However, these are still vital in understanding why someone did or did not like a movie. The writer of the review is a good writer and was very excellent in his details. He did not leave a single thing out in his review and, as previously mentioned, even included behind-the-scenes details that most people do not notice. The writer was also right in his review. The review was not a simple one that stated that he did or did not like the movie, but was a lengthy, well-considered piece. His reasons for disliking the piece are true. The film lacked many aspects that could have made it even better. Furthermore, the writer actually gave reasons as to why he did not like, instead of just skirting around the fact that it was a bad movie. I agree with what the writer had to say, and it would be hard not to agree with th e honesty and detail that went into writing the

Probability in Healthcare Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Probability in Healthcare - Assignment Example Treating variation for time spent on Physical Education is evident that it offers health benefits to elementary schooling going children. The experiment was done to 300 elementary school going children from different schools. The probability of P.E reducing obese was 0.8. This was considered a positive significance and the probability was close to one. Thus, it was depicted that Physical education plays a significant role in reducing the rate of obesity among children. The researchers also identified a gender difference: additional Physical education reduces weight three times more than to girls of the same age. The explanation behind these results is that PE among other physical activities is complements for boy child (Increased PE makes boys to be more active), but substitutes for girls. The researcher further stated that the challenge was to ensure more girls take part in physical activities in order to reduce their obese rates. Thus, elementary schools should consider adding more time to Physical education classes to increases the probability of curbing obesity amongst school going

Communications Strategy for Bihar Tourism

Communications Strategy for Bihar Tourism Executive Summary Places must decide on not only how many tourists they want and how to balance tourism with other industries or strategies but also what kind of tourists they want. The choices will be constrained, of course, by the places climate, natural topography and resources, history, culture and facilities. Like any other business, tourist marketers must know the actual and potential customers, their needs and wants, determine which target markets to serve, and decide on appropriate products, services, and programs to serve these markets. Once they have defined a target group they must strategically devise a communication mechanism which attracts that tourist in the most cost effective manner. This study aims to look at Bihar as a tourism destination, understand its potential in light of its history, both cultural and political along with the way it is perceived by the world outside, especially the traveler. It aims to synchronize the objective of the state with regard to increasing tourist inflow and that of the demands of the contemporary traveler both domestic and foreign. In that view research has been carried out to understand the factors that affect tourism growth on the demand and supply side. And with the help of that analysis recommendations for a communication strategy have been given. Introduction Tourism is a major social phenomenon of the modern society with enormous economic implications. Its importance as an instrument for economic development and employment generation, particularly in remote and backward areas, has now been well recognized all over the world. It is also an important activity for cultural interaction, social uplift and environment conservation. Tourism is now one of the worlds largest industries and one of its fastest growing economic sectors. Tourism may have a positive economic impact on the balance of payments, on employment, on gross income and production, but it may also have negative effects, particularly on the environment. Unplanned and uncontrolled tourism growth can result in such a deterioration of the environment that tourist growth can be compromised. . This is especially true with regard to tourism based on the natural environment as well as on historical-cultural heritage. Thus new word which is being used very often these days is ‘sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism has three interconnected aspects: environmental, socio-cultural, and economic. Sustainability implies permanence, so sustainable tourism includes optimum use of resources, including biological diversity; minimization of ecological, cultural and social impacts; and maximization of benefits for conservation and local communities. It also refers to the management structures that are needed to achieve this. The following lists down comprehensive benefits of tourism especially in India: Social Benefits * Promotes national integration and social equity * Helps survival of traditional art forms * Promotes international understanding Economic benefits * Nearly 8% of employment worldwide is tourism dependent * The latest study by World Travel and Tourism Council predicts that the highest real growth of tourism demand worldwide at 9.4% will occur in India * Comparison of the IT and Tourism sector worldwide o Size of Industry  § IT: $500 billion Tourism: $4.6 trillion o Jobs generated  § IT 20 million jobs Tourism 250 million Literature Review Tourism and hospitality industry in India India is known worldwide as ancient and mysterious civilization and the second most populated country of the world after China, with a population of one billion. With increasing worldwide tourism and travel for leisure, business and cultural purposes are on the rise, India attracts only 2.4 million visitors annually of the 600 million who travel. India can develop a sound policy to attract tourism and travel to generate jobs at the lowest cost of investment per job in this industry as well as promote sustainable development and cultural heritage, which has been so precious to India. India needs to shed its reluctance of encouraging tourism by affluent Westerners. Tourism, if properly planned and promoted can provide 20+ million jobs in next ten years and foreign exchange in excess of 30 billion dollars. What India needs is a firm policy and commitment to expand tourism as a source of sustainable economic development with value for the tourists and enhancement of Indias cultural herit age. (P, 2005) Understanding the concept of ‘Destination Branding Destination marketing involves using tourism as a means to an end rather than an end in itself for reasons including: improving the image of an area to attract industrialists; increasing the range of facilities and amenities available to the local community; giving local residents more pride in their local area; providing a rationale and funding for improvements to the local environment; and trying to make the destination politically more acceptable to outsiders. Thus we see that due to the multiple stakeholder nature of a destination, there lies a need for a concerted effort to achieve any goal set forth. This can be explained by the diagram below: The Dynamic Wheel of Tourism Stakeholders One of the key problems have been difficulties associated with marrying the objectives of profitability and sustainability, and co-ordinating the activities of the various stakeholders associated with a tourism destination. Destination marketing should occur not only on the demand side to increase visitor numbers, but also on the supply side to market the destination to intermediaries and to increase the numbers of sellers through investment in accommodation, entertainment and infrastructure, etc. The Requisites of a Successful Tourism Marketing Plan o The main competition is identified o Tourism trends are identified o A long-term orientation is adopted o The importance of competitiveness is recognized o The need for infrastructure improvements is highlighted o The need for integration with national/regional tourism plans is recognised o Residents attitudes to tourism are considered o Local cultures, values and lifestyles are considered o Wealth and job creation and quality of life for residents are primary aims o The issue of environmental problems is addressed o The issue of seasonality is addressed o The benefits of tourism to the destination is quantified (Cameron, 2008) * Destination identity and image o The need to develop brand identity is recognised o Brand associations are identified o The need for image development is recognised o Positioning is discussed o The need for coordination of industry promotional material is recognised o Recognition to ensuring the promises made in marketing communications are conveyed to visitors o New and innovative forms of communication channels are addressed o The need to improve branding and brand awareness is recognised o The importance of experiences to tourists as opposed to tangible propositions is recognised * Stakeholder involvement o National government agencies are involved in planning o Local government agencies were involved in planning o The area tourist board/area tourist office was involved in planning o Local residents were involved in planning o Local businesses were involved in planning o The need to improve communication between stakeholders (public, private and residents) is o recognised o Leadership is addressed to give greater guidance to stakeholders. * Implementation, monitoring and review o The timescale for each task is included o The need for monitoring and review is established 12The absence of a structured approach requires the study of destination marketing under theoretical lenses. Here a white paper which throws light on the existing theories which address the area has been studied. The crux of which is: As a consequence of globalization, the marketing of places has grown in importance as countries, regions and individual destinations compete with one another to attract investment and visitors. In order to compete effectively, it is essential to identify the critical success factors and ensure these are incorporated into ones strategic planning. An extensive review of the literature covering place and destination marketing indicates that image and identity play an important role in differentiating between objectively similar alternatives. Accordingly, the branding of destinations has become of major importance and is analyzed in depth. (Halkier, 2008) Place Branding A Case Study: Denmark In order to observe a structured approach to Destination Branding the case study of Denmark has been reviewed. It proposes how theoretical models have been applied successfully in real life scenarios. This paper examines the area of cross-sectoral branding where tourism is combined with other international economic activities in order to construct a common national umbrella brand. From a theoretical perspective the article contributes to the study of cross-sectoral place branding by developing a coherent analytical framework, drawing on recent contributions to the study of Other images and inter-organizational relations. On the basis of this, an empirical case study of the prospects for establishing a cross-sectoral umbrella brand is undertaken, focusing on Danish national tourism and inward investment promotion bodies. Having analyzed both the rationales behind and the image profiles of current branding efforts, it is concluded that while disagreement exists at the strategic level with regard to the potentials of umbrella branding, the differences between the current image profiles are of a more manageable character. In the case of Danish tourism and investment promotion, barrier s to inter organizational cooperation, in other words, seem to be founded on unfavorable assumptions about potential alliance partners in view of own future aspirations rather than the present branding actions of the actors involved. Why Bihar? Bihar had once been the seat of the golden age of the Indian empire but now has shrivelled into one the most backward states of India. Some pockets in Bihar now exhibit one of the lowest living conditions the world over. Bihar post its bifurcation into two smaller states has lost most of its natural resources and the state has failed to catch the IT train which has left it with small scope of riding the ‘India Rising bus. The youth of Bihar are leaving its motherland and doing so the great state is losing its heritage. It is in the interest of not only the people of Bihar but also the nation to protect its cultural heritage. An approach for Bihar can be based on the ‘Appreciation of Frames study by Schon wherein he demonstrates alternatives to approach in dealing with the housing problem within the social policy. One perspective frames slum areas as diseased, the other frames them as natural communities. When viewed as diseased, the problem becomes one of eradicating the diseases, with the implied solution of urban renewal and regeneration. This involves tearing down slums in order to stop the cycle of decay and relocating the inhabitants of the areas to newly planned and sanitized developments. In contrast, when viewed as natural communities the problem becomes one of dislocation. Natural communities should be preserved in order to maintain the beneficial outcomes of established patterns of interaction and informal networks which characterize them. The Current State of Bihar o Negative Brand Equity o Change in local government o Renewed faith of residents of the state in the system o High rise in migration from the state o High worth of Non residents o Disparity in documented and actual state of tourist sites o Lack of any dedicated communication focused on tourism o Unorganized and fragmented efforts in maintenance of crafts and culture o Tourist activity concentrated in pockets (e.g. Buddhist Circuit) The notion of Bihar â€Å"When Delhi newspapers publish articles on Bihars disorders and atrocities, they tend to make a point of emphasizing the states ‘backwardness†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"The first ballot-rigging recorded in India took pl ace in Bihar (in 1962)†¦ the first instance of criminals being awarded parliamentary seats also took place in Bihar (in 1980)† William Dalrymple in Caste wars and At the court of the fish-eyed Goddess The above quotes, summarize the general impression that the public holds about Bihar. From Laloo Yadav to corruption to crime This is one state that has perpetually been in the news, and for all the wrong reasons. In the days immediately prior to the fodder scam, the media had a field day reporting Laloo and his antics, people were quoted saying that â€Å"Laloo was the most entertaining item on television†. (Nambisan, 2000) The extensive reporting, in the last few years with the explosion of the news media, has played an significant role in shaping public opinion and view about Bihar, its culture, and its citizens. Laloo Yadav has, in a way, come to symbolize Bihar to the audiences. So, Bihar, to a ordinary citizen, is a state full of rowdy, dishonest politicians, and heavily accented, non-English speaking, primitive simpletons. I am often told, in a manner of considerable disbelief, â€Å"But you dont sound like a Bihari at all!† Because it appears that all Biharis are supposed to talk in heavily accented, wrecked English. Evolution of Bihar over the Ages The history of Bihar can be effortlessly traced back into ancient times. Bihar appears in the earliest mythology and legends of ancient India , as far back as the Ramayana and Mahabharata. Sita, the partner of Lord Rama, was a princess of Bihar. She was the daughter of King Janak of Videha. The present districts of Muzaffarpur, Sitamarhi, Samastipur, Madhubani, and Darbhanga, in north-central Bihar, mark this ancient kingdom. It is in fact, known that the author of the Ramayana, Maharishi Valmiki, lived in Ancient Bihar. Not only Hinduism, but Jainism and Buddhism have roots in Bihar. It was in here that Gautam Buddha attained enlightenment, and it was in the modern town of Gaya that the religion of Buddhism was born. It is here also that Lord Mahavira, the initiator of another great religion, Jainism, was born and attained nirvana. That site is located at the current town of Pawapuri, south east of Patna, the Capital of Bihar. It was also in Bihar that the tenth and last Guru of the Sikhs, Guru Gobind Singh was born and became a Guru. A beautiful Gurudwara (a temple for Sikhs) built to commemorate his memory the Harmandir- is located in eastern Patna. Known reverently as the Patna Sahib, it is one of the five holiest places of devotion (Takhat) for Sikhs. Kautilya, also known as Chanakya, the author of Arthashastra, the first discourse of the modern science of Economics, resided here. He was also the adviser to the Magadh king, Chandragupta Maurya. Another Mauryan king, Samrat Ashok, around 270 B.C., was the first to formulate firm doctrine for the governance of a people. He had these doctrines, the so called Edicts of Ashok, inscribed on stone pillars which were installed across his empire. The pillars were crowned with the sculpture of one or more lions atop a pedestal which was inscribed with symbols of wheels. As the lion denoted might, the wheel denoted the never-ending nature of truth (dharma), hence the name Dharma Chakra. This of lions, atop a pedestal, with writing of a wheel, was adopted as the Official Seal of the independent Republic of India (1947). The dharma chakra was, also incorporated into the national flag of India, the Tricolor. (Biharinfoline, 2009) In medieval period Bihar lost its stature as the political and cultural hub of India since the Mughal era was a period of national administration from Delhi. The only notable person of these period in Bihar was Sher Shah, or Sher Khan Sur, an Afghan. Based at Sasaram which is currently a town in the district of the similar name in central-western Bihar, this jagirdar of the Mughal Emperor Babur defeated Humayun, the son of Babur, not once but twice, first at Chausa and then, again, at Kannauj (in the present state of Uttar Pradesh or U.P.) In the course of his conquest Sher Shah became the monarch of a territory that extended till Punjab. He was not only a ferocious warrior but also a dignified administrator in line with the tradition of Ashok and the Gupta kings. Numerous acts of land reforms are attributed to him. The remains of a grand crypt that he built for himself can be found at todays Sasaram (Sher Shahs maqbara.) During British India, Bihar was a division of the Presidency of Bengal, and was managed from Calcutta. As such, this was a region very much dominated by the citizens of Bengal. All leading learning and medical hubs were in Bengal. Throughout the 20th century, Bihar saw a great deal of geographical division. When divided from the Bengal Presidency in 1912, Bihar and Orissa were a single province. (Kumar, 2007)At that time, an region in the south-east, primarily the district of Purulia, was separated and incorporated into West Bengal as part of the Linguistic Reorganization of Indian States. Yet another dissection of Bihar occurred in 2000, when after years of political hassle, the state of Jharkhand was carved out of the state of Bihar. The region of Jharkhand now includes southern districts of Bihar, and has the city of Ranchi as its capital. The Politics of Bihar Bihar played an significant role during the freedom resistance and it was from Bihar that Mahatma Gandhi started his civil-disobedience movement. It was at the unrelenting request of a cultivator, Raj Kumar Shukla, that Gandhiji visited Champaran, saw the sad predicament of the indigo farmers and the domination of the Biritsh. Many people from Bihar consequently became leading partakers in Indias struggle for freedom. The most distinguished was Dr. Rajendra Prasad, who went on to become Independent Indias first president. Another was Jay Prakash Narayan, also warmly called JP. JPs considerable contribution to contemporary Indian history continued up until his demise in 1979. It was he who persistently and unwaveringly opposed the dictatorial rule of Indira Gandhi and her younger child, Sanjay Gandhi. Fearing peoples response to his opposition, Indira Gandhi had him detained on the eve of declaring nationwide Emergency beginning June 26, 1975. He was jailed in Tihar(near Delhi). The m ovement started by JP, nonetheless, brought the Emergency to an end, led to the colossal defeat of Indira Gandhi and her Congress Party at the elections, and, to the putting in place of a non-Congress government -The Janata Party at Delhi, for the first time. With the approval of JP, Morarji Desai became the fourth Prime Minister of India. JP continued to be the Conscience of the Janata Party and of post-Gandhi post-Nehru India. He called upon all Indians to work tirelessly towards removing dictatorship in favour of democracy and bringing about independence from slavery. Sadly, shortly after attaining power, internal strife among the leaders of the Janata Party led to the resignation of Shri Desai as the Prime Minister. JP persisted with his call for total revolution, but he succumbed to kidney failure in 1979. Subsequent internal strife in the Janata Party led to the creation of a breakaway political party the Janata Dal. It was also from this party that Laloo Prasad Yadav, the Chief Minister of Bihar was elected. A new party led by Mr. Yadav was shaped as the Rashtriya Janata Dal which went ruled for about 15 years in Bihar. The Janata Dal at first came to power in the state in 1990 on the support of its victory at the national stage in 1989. Laloo Prasad Yadav became the chief minister after winning the battle of legislative party leadership by a slim margin against Ram Sundar Das, a former chief minister from the Janata Party. Later, Laloo gained fame with the masses through a succession of populist measures. The honorable socialists, including Nitish Kumar, slowly left him and Laloo was the uncrowned king by 1995 as both Chief Minister as well as the President of his party, Rashtriya Janata Dal. He was a magnetic leader who had the peoples support and Bihar had got such a person as the chief minister after a long time. However, he derailed programs for the development of the state. When corruption charges got serious, he relinquished the post of CM but anointed his wife as the proxy CM. All through this period, law and order and management grew steadily poorer. In 2005, as hostility reached a crescendo among the masses, middle class included, the RJD was voted out of control and Laloo Prasad lost the legislative elections to a coalition headed by his earlier partner and now rival Nitish Kumar. Bihar How much in the eye of the Beholder? ‘Bihar is in the eye of the beholder says Vijay Nambisan in his book of the same title. He attempts to paint a more positive portrait of Bihar at least in the opening chapters, attempting to be unlike those who trash everything about Bihar completely, and believe it beyond hope at any point. He states that Bihar is the richest among Indian states in terms of natural and mineral wealth, and only its political stat sets people thinking about it in a negative way. However, as we read on, the state of Bihar and its citizens that Nambisan explains starts becoming similar to, more and more, the typecast that he was trying to shatter. Its true that the tome is peppered with optimistic images, people and events, but overall, the picture that Nambisan paints is as dismal as any other. The stories and tales are mostly about corrupt politicians, gang lords getting the better of the community and the killings, extortions, and adversity that the ordinary man faces. In between, we have tales about devoted teachers overcoming caste discrimination, innovative women trying to make a living for themselves and their children, and intelligent young minds harassed against a system that otherwise fetters them. An entire section deals with the high occurrence of violence in the state and how it is taken as everyday phenomena a scary situation. Has Nambisan also fallen victim to the typecasting of Bihar? Or is the reality of Bihar so bleak that even the most optimistic picture that is painted of it shows more despair than hope? â€Å"What is happening in Bihar is happening all over India. But Bihar is a microcosm of the whole; laboratory specimens, as it were, most easily brought under the microscope of analysis†. (Nambisan, 2000)The rest of India has a propensity to become self virtuous and holier than thou, and look down upon Bihar and Biharis as a pollutant. Politicians shake their heads and mumble, journalists condemn the collapse of democracy and the general public remains contented with just shuddering at the mere mention of it. What people do not want to admit is that the ills that plague the state are festering everywhere, in varying degrees and different stages of development. Such is the inclination to look upon Bihar and Biharis as a expression of all that is bad, that there have been reported cases of people accommodation to Bihari students in cities like Delhi, simply because they were scared to have Biharis beneath the same roof, thinking no doubt about probable robbery, rape and murder . (palgrave-journals, 2008) Previously, there were a little half hearted attempts to industrialize the state: an oil refinery in Barauni, a motor scooter factory at Fatuha, and a power generation unit at Muzaffarpur. However, no continued effort had been made in this way, and there was little achievement in its industrialization. Historically, sugar and vegetable oil were prosperous industries of Bihar. Until the mid fifties, 25% of Indias sugar production was from Bihar. Dalmianagar was a large agro industrial region. However, these were required to shut down due to flawed central policy which negated the strategic advantages of Bihar. Recently the dairy trade has picked up very well in Bihar. Sugar industry is another one which has started to improve with 25 new sugar factories committed in Bihar between 2006 and 2007. Since 2005, the state government has taken the major task of creating a business friendly environment and investment opportunities and leverages the resources there for all big and small industrial houses. There was a partition of Bihar in 2000, when the industrially superior and mineral-rich southern-half of the state was carved out to outline the separate state of Jharkhand. Since then, the main economic activity of Bihar has been crop growing. The new Bihar state produces about 60% of the yield of the old Bihar state. There is a tendency now, amongst politicians, to hold responsible the separation of Jharkhand from Bihar as a reason for the majority of the problems surrounding the growth of the state. Biharis and Non-Biharis : Perceptions and Opinions Respondents were asked to name anything that came to their mind when they thought of the â€Å"Bihar†. The top of the mind recollection is the strongest connection that a persons mind makes among two things and it was fascinating to see the diverse things, people or places that respondents linked with Bihar. The respondents were then additionaly probed on other stuff that they linked with Bihar, how the connection came about and why. Respondents in both cases were also asked about famous places or people that they associated with Bihar. This kind of factual information gave a few insights into how much authentic knowledge the respondent had regarding the state, and whether knowing more concerning Bihar, its history and culture changed the opinions and perceptions of the people at all. As was anticipated, people from Bihar possessed significantly more factual knowledge about Bihar. What was exciting was that though there were distinct disparity between Biharis and Non Biharis c oncerning perceptions about Bihar, there were still some expected threads. As a youthful housewife from a small town in Bihar put it, â€Å"Jab tak rahega samose mein aaloo, tab tak rahega Bihar mein Laloo† . The line is a famous one, from a speech by the great politician himself. Almost all the respondents thought of Laloo Yadav first when asked to name celebrities linked with Bihar. In one case, a young university student of Delhi University was unable to think of any other renowned person or place that she knew of, from Bihar. Among Non Biharis, Laloo unquestionably enjoyed top of the mind recall, as every respondent, with no exception named him. Even amongst my Bihari respondents, a number of them reflected of Laloo Yadav as one of the eminent people associated with Bihar. An interesting incident that I observed here was that respondents from the younger age bracket could think only of Laloo when it came to associating eminent personalities with Bihar. Some of the older age bracket remembered Jai Prakash Narayan, even smaller number remembered Ra jendra Prasad. Despite being the present Chief Minister, Nitish Kumar was not recollected as frequently as Laloo by the respondents. There was hardly any talk about of personalities from fields other than politics. One or two respondents recollected Prakash Jha for his films and the stand-up comedian Shekhar Suman, but it seemed that the lone people from Bihar that had achieved any fame at all were politicians. There was one interesting case where I interviewed an elderly lady, who had spent almost her whole life in Bihar, save for a period of few years in Delhi. She had no complicatedness naming famous personalities connected with Bihar, right from ancient times. She also had a authentic tourist guides list of the famous places of Bihar, for historical or cultural importance. This was in bare contrast to the younger age bracket, who knew moderately little of Bihars history, despite having lived there. This led me to consider that media had clearly played an extremely important role in formation of even the level of factual information that people possessed, apart from determining their opinions .Laloo Yadav yet again was the chief image that came to peoples minds when asked about their observation about Bihar. Though, the awareness of Bihar was not limited to just the image of Laloo. Having named Laloo as the foremost thing that came to mind on hearing â€Å"Bihar†, most of the respondents and interviewees went on to talk about the corruption and disorder that had become widespread in the state during his rule. (bstdc, 2009). The above quote from my interview with a lecturer in Ahmadabad summed up a what Non Biharis as well as Biharis felt about Bihar. The view is that the state has been devastated by dirty politics, and not allowed to build up in any fashion over the time, and the overpowering emotions were those of bleakness and sadness at the state of affairs. While talking of opinions and associations with Bihar, there was marked disparity between respondents from inside and outside Bihar. Almost all Biharis spoke affectionately of memories of their childhood and youth spent in Bihar, and had some sort of a sense of belonging to the place, which obviously came from having spent a long time in the state and having fond memories to look back upon. Even when they spoke of the ills that plague the state, the manner in which this was spoken about was one of sorrow that the situation had turned out to be so bad. In contrast, Non Biharis spoke in a manner that implied a sense of almost disgust from the state and the state of affairs there. A 2o year old college undergraduate from Delhi University summed it up when she said (bstdc, 2009) The same response, in not so many words, echoed across other interviews of Non Biharis. Overall, the awareness of people about Bihar was related to Laloo. In one way or the other, roughly all respondents were of the view of Laloo while answering this inquiry. The biggest substantiation that suggested this came from an interview with a young college student from Ahmedabad, who spoke of Biharis as primitive, and speaking in a typical dialect. (Halkier, Contemplating Place Branding Umbrellas. The Case of Coordinated National Tourism andBusiness Promotion in Denmark, 2008) Bihar Tourism Amongst all the states of the country, Bihar is in all probability the one that enjoys a distinctive history. It is here that religions followed the world over, Buddhism and Jainism were born, even as Hinduism flourished. It is here that an important advocate of a fourth religion Guru Gobind Singh of the Sikhs was born. And it is here that the worlds first institution of higher education at Nalanda was established. And if all that is not sufficient, it was in Bihar that Gandhiji launched his Satyagraha movement in opposition to the British rule. (Cameron, 2008) Bihar without doubt bears the profound weight of history, but bears it with much warmth and awareness. For both Buddhists and Jains, the land is sprinkled with monuments and sacred pilgrimage centers, while the Hindus have no fewer temples. However, it has not shied away from accepting the modern. The old learning centers continue in the structure of newer centers of excellence, the olden day trade hubs have paved way for the fresh economy and even newer technologies. Bihar is a land sanctified with beauty both spiritual and physical. Its vast lands, fed by some of the countrys most important rivers, have ensured prosperity. It has a rich traditions and legacy and its people are meticulous and fun loving. Places of Int

Importance of Financial Institution Essay

Nature of financial institutions Financial institutions are the organizations which perform the essential functions of channeling funds from those with surplus funds (suppliers of funds) to those with shortages of funds (user of funds). Financial institutions are active in today’s global markets include commercial banks, insurance companies credit unions, finance companies, savings and loan associations, saving banks, pension funds, mutual funds, and similar organization. Their fundamental role in the financial system is to serve both ultimate lenders and borrowers but in a much more complete way than brokers and dealers do. Financial institutions issue securities of their own-often called secondary securities to ultimate lenders and at the same time primary securities from borrowers. The secondary securities issued by financial intermediaries include such familiar financial intermediaries include such familiar financial instruments as checking and savings accounts, life insurance policies, annuities and shares in mutual fund. For the most part, these securities share several common characteristics. They generally carry low risk of default. Financial institutions are accept primary securities from those who need credit and in doing so, take on financial assets that many savers, especially those with limited funds and limited knowledge of the market, would find unacceptable. Money lending in one form or the other has evolved along with the history of the mankind. Even in the ancient times there are references to the moneylenders. Shakespeare also referred to ‘Shylocks’ who made unreasonable demands in case the loans were not repaid in time along with interest. Indian history is also replete with the instances referring to indigenous money lenders, Sahukars and Zamindars involved in the business of money lending by mortgaging the landed property of the borrowers. Towards the beginning of the twentieth century, with the onset of modern industry in the country, the need for government regulated banking system was felt. The British government began to pay attention towards the need for an organised banking sector in the country and Reserve Bank of India was set up to regulate the formal banking sector in the country. But the growth of modern banking remained slow mainly due to lack of surplus capital in the Indian economic system at that point of time. Modern banking institutions came up only in big cities and industrial centres. The rural areas, representing vast majority of Indian society, remained dependent on the indigenous money lenders for their credit needs. Independence of the country heralded a new era in the growth of modern banking. Many new commercial banks came up in various parts of the country. As the modern banking network grew, the government began to realise that the banking sector was catering only to the needs of the well-to-do and the capitalists. The interests of the poorer sections as well as those of the common man were being ignored. The significance of the financial system to economic development is not quite clear-cut. Some researchers such as Hicks (1969) are of the opinion that the financial system plays a crucial role in the mobilization of capital for industrialization. On the other hand, there are those, who hold a contrary view. In the 1980s, several African governments embarked on structural adjustments programs in order to correct the disruptions in their economies. As Geo-Jaja and Mangum (2001) note, structural adjustment programs seldom delivered on their intended objectives. However, the relationship between financial development and economic growth during post-SAP period is examined using the Spearman rank correlation. The expected outcome of the structural adjustment program in Nigeria was marred by policy reversals of government. This is a possible reason for the poor performance of the financial sector of the economy. Therefore, financial development and economic growth have no consistent relationship in post-SAP Nigeria.

Reformation of the 16th Century

The Protestant Reformation ignited a religious reform movement that separated the western Christian church into Catholic and Protestant groups. Martin Luther embarked on a Journey to start the religious reform movement; there were other developments before him that set a foundation for a religious alteration in the sixteenth century.The Protestant Reformation allowed for Protestantism to flourish throughout Europe, united the Roman Catholic Church with Christian denominations, enabled people to develop independent thinking and creative, fostered etermination in people to attain religious and political freedom, and allowed for Christianity to evolve permanently throughout history. Johannes Gutenberg of Mainz helped produce the development of printing from a moving type. In Europe there were thousands of printers that published religious books like the Bible, sermons, Latin and Greek classics, legal handbooks, and works on philosophy.This type of development manifested an â€Å"immedi ate impact on European intellectual life and thought† (Duiker 429). This kind of invention fostered creative thinking and determination in people to study scholarly resources. Printing allowed the European civilization to disperse new religious ideals. This communication throughout Europe played a major role in enabling people to acquire newfound knowledge and formulate beliefs of their own. Many historians state that Desiderius Erasmus â€Å"laid the egg that Luther hatched† (History 1). Erasmus was an influential Christian humanist.Christian humanism or northern Renaissance humanism combined the ideas of the classical Italian Renaissance with the ideas of early Christianity. According to Christian humanism, a society must alter the human beings that compose it. They strongly believed that people are smart enough to formulate their own ideals and beliefs. They did no have to solely depend on an irrational religion for happiness and salvation. Erasmus was most influenti al in teaching that religion should be a philosophy for a direction of life, not a source of arbitrary practices and rituals, which is what medieval religion emphasized.Erasmus also placed an emphasis on teaching the philosophy of Jesus Christ. Erasmus did not approve of the abuse of power of inside the church. The opposition towards a dogmatic religion encouraged the Christian and northern Renaissance humanists to stand against the orruption of the Catholic Church; they gave mankind hope and encouragement to believe in themselves, and to fight for freedom of religion. Another factor that influenced people to start a reform was the corruption of the Catholic Church. The all-powerful Roman Catholic Church labeled any non-believer as a heretic; punishment included being burned at stake.The Catholic Church's power was assembled over centuries, and depended on the lack of religious education and unawareness of people. People's primary motivation of believing in the Catholic Church came from the belief of salvation to heaven though the Catholic Church. Any other belief was disregarded. The realization that many popes were not committing to the needs of the church and people outraged many people in Europe. Many popes' interests were not focused on the spiritual uprising of religion, but worldly interests like power and wealth The process ot salvation was becoming a traud.This ignited hate and bitterness towards the Catholic Church and stimulated the idea for change and reform. The Catholic Church strongly emphasized that good works and strong faith were the gateway for personal salvation. Martin Luther had a strong opposition o that idea, even as a monk and professor at the University of Wittenberg. Through personal study and dedication to religion he discovered that no weak and powerless human being could do enough good works to achieve salvation. He believed that through a powerful faith and the sacrifice of Jesus Christ, that alone was enough for people to achiev e salvation. Justification by Faith† (PBS 1) became the primary belief of the Protestant Reformation. Luther's repulsion of Catholic Church teachings enabled him to create the Ninety-Five Theses, which opposed the sale of indulgences and revolted against clerical abuses. According to many historians this was the beginning of the Protestant Reformation. The Ninety-Five Theses were quickly created and disseminated throughout Germany. Luther encouraged German royalty to overthrow the idea of salvation though the Catholic Church.His idea of salvation through faith alone was widespread and becoming acceptable to many people. The Roman Catholic Church was outraged and did not accept his view of salvation. The Catholic Church believed that he was to be excommunicated from the church in 1512. When Luther was summoned to appear to the Holy Roman Empire and to â€Å"recant the heresies† (Duiker 431). He responded by rebuffing and making a statement that â€Å"became the battle c ry of the Reformation† (Duiker 431). This angered the members of Reichstag, who ordered Luther to be detained.Luckily for him, Fredrick of Saxony protected him. A revolution was manifested upon Luther's religious ideals; this revolution changed the European Civilization forever. Luther's popularity fostered from hatred and dissatisfaction with the greed of wealth power, corruption and dogmatic ideals of the Roman Catholic Church. The marriage between Luther and Katherina von Bora demolished the idea of clerical celibacy; his marriage ighlighted the life of a Protestant minister with a family. German rulers strongly supported Luther; they quickly acquired control and supervision of the German churches.Luther emphasized that the churches focus on the preaching the Word of God and Bible study. In Luther's eyes in was necessary to abolish Catholic Mass and gravitate towards new religious services. All of these changes highlight the metamorphosis that Christianity was experiencing. People who believed and promoted these new ideals were complacent with a new religious experience. In 1 519, Charles V ruled a vast empire, composed of Austrian lands, part of Italy, Spain, nd other territories. Though election he was granted the Holy Roman Empire title.His idea was to â€Å"preserve the unity of his empire in the Catholic faith†(Duiker 432). By this time, Germany detached it self from the idea of imperial ruling; this disintegrated any loyalty to the Holy Roman Empire. In 1546, Lutheranism was the prominent belief and practice throughout Germany. Charles Vs effort to bring combat and war to disintegrate Lutheranism was a failure. This failure encouraged Charles V to create the Peace of Augsburg, which granted freedom to German states to choose between Catholicism and Lutheranism.The expeditious spread of Lutheranism and Protestant beliefs reassured that Christian unity was no longer a possibility. Switzerland had a prominent role in the Protestant Reformati on. The revolution sparked upon Ulrich Zwingli. Zwingli ignited religious changes in member states of the federal states of Switzerland and the city of Zurich. Evangelical reforms took over these areas. For example, Mass was replaced by services that promoted biblical study and prayer, relics were destroyed, and pope's authority was no longer accepted.His primary source of support came from the people of Zurich and the agistrate, known as Mark Reust. Zwingli created an alliance with the German rulers, and Martin Luther. In 1513, rage and dissatisfaction festered between Catholic states and the Swiss Protestants. This created a war that led to Zwingli's death, his responsibility and loyalty to manifest change in Switzerland was handed down to John Calvin. John Calvin was a practical theologian who organized the Protestant reform. His conversion to Protestantism led him to escape his native France to Switzerland.His beliefs coincided very closely with Luther's beliefs. A unique belief that he promoted was the idea of predestination. Predestination was a belief that â€Å"God predestined some people to be saved, and the others to be damned, both who He would admit to salvation, and whom He would condemn to destruction† (PBS 1). Calvin also emphasized absolute sovereignty of God; he called it the â€Å"power, grace, and glory of God†(PBS 1). His reputation and credibility arose from his publication of the Institutes of the Christian Religion, an integration of Protestant beliefs and stands.In 1536, he expanded his revolutionary Protestant reform to the city of Geneva. Calvin created The Consistory, a governing body that attested to moral virtue nd discipline, and enabled a systematic way of including clergy and laymen in church service. The success that was fostered upon Geneva, allowed for missionaries to travel throughout Europe and infiltrate all of Europe with Protestantism. The city of Geneva stood as a Protestant citadel that gave success to th e religious reform. The Anabaptists were radical promoters of the Protestant faith, who also played a pivotal role in the reformation.Their concern was to return to practice and religion of early Christianity, they emphasized equality in all believers. Separation of Church and State was something they strongly advocated. They did not see any benefit of the government dictating the Jurisdiction of religion. The Anabaptists opposed the idea of baptism in infants. Magisterial Protestants and Roman Catholics grew hostility and hatred towards the Anabaptists because of that belief. That is why they were heavily persecuted in the sixteenth century. The English Reformation played a pivotal part in the Protestant reformation.King Henry the VII was seen as selfish glutton. Surprisingly his strong desire to divorce Catherine of Aragon, his first wife made the English Reformation a more political than religious cause. The pope refused to grant Henry VII's request to divorce Catherine of Aragon for Anne Boleyn. His attention then focused on the archbishop of Canterbury, head of the highest court in England. The archbishop condoned a divorce and annulled King Henry VII's first marriage. Soon after Anne became queen she had a child, whom was a girl.This infuriated King Henry VII because he did not have a son to inherit his throne. This anger encouraged Henry VII to promote separation of the Church of England with Rome. This was known as the Act of Supremacy in 1534, it declared that the King was in complete control of the doctrine and Church of England. During Henry VII's reign, Archbishop Cranmer attempted to reform the administrative and religious ruling. Shortly after this, Henry VII died and left his ruling to his underage son. Cranmer took advantage of this situation by directing the Church ot England in a Protestant direction.T manifested new Protestant services and ideals in the Church of England. Mary a Catholic succeeded Edward VI. Her nickname â€Å"Bloody Mary' was no understatement. Her primary concern was for the Church of England to return to Catholicism; she murdered more than 300 heretics who opposed Catholicism. Ironically, her actions ed for England to become more Protestant than ever before. By the mid-sixteenth century, the Roman Catholic Church no longer dominated Europe. Protestantism was infiltrating all of Europe and becoming more dominating and accepted.Due to this nature, the Catholic Church underwent a reformation of its own known as the Catholic Reformation. The Catholic is divided in to three parts known as the Jesuits, a reformed papacy, and the Council of Trent. Ignatius of Loyola, Spanish noblemen, founded the Society of Jesus. This society accepted the directing of the pope and promoted the principals of obedience to the papacy, and hierarchical ruling of ociety and civilization. They fostered missionaries to explore Asian countries to convert people to Catholicism The reformed papacy was another aspect of the Catholi c Reformation.Pope Paul Ill took the initiative to create a reform to team to hold Catholic Church's accountable and enforce discipline. Through this he was able to create the Council of Trent and gave recognition to the Society of Jesus. In 1545, church officials gathered in the city of Trent started the Council of Trent. This Council of Trent met continuously though three different sessions in the sixteenth century. Their ideas coalesced and they came to the conclusion that the â€Å"selling of indulgences was prohibited, both faith and good works were required for salvation, and only the church could interpret scripture† (Duiker 438).This manifested one doctrine and religion under the Roman Catholic Church. The Protestant Reformation had significant impacts in the foundation of our world nations. This impact allowed for the re-establishment of political and religious views throughout the European civilization, challenged the authority of the Catholic popes, and led to mode rn concepts of democracy. This reformation is key to understanding how religion has laced an importance in the foundation and building of every nation in our world.The fight for equality and freedom will always be an obstacle throughout history; understanding the struggle, rebellion, and motivation to fght that many people faced in reformation, allows for our world to become educated and motivated to strive towards a better world.

Case Study #2 Essays - Starbucks, Coffee, Drink, Stealth Starbucks

Case Study #2 Essays - Starbucks, Coffee, Drink, Stealth Starbucks Case Study #2 Starbucks: Forbidden in the Forbidden City What are the reasons forced Starbucks which in Forbidden City been closured? Starbucks has been closured from Beijing's Forbidden City. Chenggang Rui who is a popular CCTV anchor says its cultural history and American coffee chains shouldn't mix. That is trampling over Chinese culture. The Forbidden City, one of the most recognized historic sites in Beijing, China, under the pressure of a Web-based activist campaign. It collected more than 500,000 signatures supporting the closure of Starbucks. The Starbucks had two choices . One was continuing to operate in the Forbidden City, only without the Starbucks name, another choice w as to shake hands and part ways . In the end, The Starbucks decid ed the choice would be to leave . There are the reasons forced Starbucks which in Forbidden City been closured. How to solve Starbucks forbidden in the Forbidden City? After research, we believe Starbucks could open near the Forbidden City . Because Starbucks opened in the Forbidden City is not illegal. Second ly, Starbucks can opened in the Forbidden City in line with market rules. Third ly, it's convenient to visit the Forbidden City of tourists at home and abroad. Fourth Starbucks opened outside the Forbidden City do not affect Chinese culture. How can Starbucks change their product/services to better fit the Chinese culture? In traditional Chinese culture, people prefer to drink a cup of tea rather than a cup of coffee, since tea has long history in china, is cheaper than coffee, and is believed to have health benefits. Also, coffee is a traditional western culture, western style place for younger professional and provides a place to meet, talk, see and be seen. Starbucks want their customers to experience the western style cafe, although Starbucks include a fireplace, a foreign concept in Chinese homes, also incorporates many familiar components such as bamboo, Chinese symbols etc. but they still provide an western experience as well as a cup of coffee. Generally, coffee consumers in china are young, affluent professionals; returnees and foreign expatriates, there are more familiar with the western lifestyle. People that are not familiar with coffee culture are troubled with the drinking culture. For example, Starbucks need to better educate the consumers the coffee drinking culture. Give Chinese consumers more information about Starbucks Coffee, and the signal of how to drink a cup of coffee with sugar, stirrers or milk. What did you learn from the experience of Starbucks in China? From the first launched in China, Starbucks met some troubles, for example, customers' awareness and understanding, trademark infringement, products modifying and culture difference etc. Firstly, local customers may feel confused when they go to Starbucks because of the unfamiliar with the coffee drinking culture, they don't know what they can use for drinks and the differences between varied types of coffee, thus we can learn that when doing business in the country we need to use the suitable promotion methods which are related to the country's culture, in order to increase the customer's awareness, for example, we could use some step tips of drinking coffee next to the sugar or milk, and we could use a blackboard to introduce difference coffee knowledge everyday. Secondly, it's very common that trademark infringement happens in China, therefore trademark protection is very important when enter in the China market. Thirdly, in order to meet customers' needs and favorite taste , the products should be modified as Chinese style. Lastly, because of the culture difference, it's difficult to measure what to put it or give up, especially when the important element of headquarter culture couldn't be accepted in the enter market, therefore we have to consider different situation and environment when doing global business.

Skunk Works essays

Skunk Works essays Book Report on Skunk Works: A Personal Memoir of My Years at Lockheed The book I read was titled Skunk Works: A Personal Memoir of My Years at Lockheed. Ben Rich, the head of the Skunk Works program, wrote the book with help from Leo Janos. The publishing company is Little, Brown This book deals with the personal experience of the head of Lockheed Martins Skunk Works facility, located in Burbank, California. Skunk Works is a highly classified facility that has produced many famous and important airplanes, such as the U-2, a spy plane that can reach altitudes above 70,000 ft. The U-2 was especially helpful during the Cold War to spy on the Russians. Skunk Works also created the SR-71 Blackbird, the fastest airplane known to the civilian community. This reconnaissance airplane can reach Mach 3, 2000+ mph, and has a ceiling of more that 80,000 ft. This is so high and so fast that the titanium shell of the airplane can stretch more the one-foot by heat. The least visible, by radar, airplane ever made was also created at Skunk Works. With a radar cross-section the size of a marble, the F-117 Nighthawk proved to be the most practical airplane in the Gulf War. Without these airplanes that were produced by Lockheed Martins Skunk Works, the US may not be in the position of the world that it is in today. This book was excellently written, and even though a difficult subject to write about with all the technical aspects, this book was very easy to read. It also tells of a personal behind-the-scenes experience that could not be shown with just a person researching the facility. There was a negative point of the book though. Not all of the information was ...